The exponential growth (demographic growth) of our planet population amount and the natural demand of its provision with the appropriate products leads to the large-scale and intensive natural resources use. However the planet resources are limited. This contra version leads to the necessary natural resources (including land, mineral and biological ones) degradation and a loss in the environment (the place, means and condition of the life in our planet) contamination.

In this paper the effectiveness of various documents on the sustainable development of mountain regions is discussed. Their pretentiousness to the detriment of efficiency is marked. The thesis proves that maintenance of sustainable development with resources (both natural and anthropic) demands first of all the use in the maximal measure of research, large-scale and deep works as the major at present resource for the decision of the declared problems. The modern research paradigm of studying of the sustainable development issues on an example of the Ural Mountains is offered.

The paper presents brucite Mg(OH)2 geological and geochemical characteristics, physical and chemical specifics and different industrial application possibilities of this magnesium mineral from deposits recently discovered in Pryamurje, Maly Khingan mountains and in the Far East south.

The article considers some problems, analizes the agro industrial complex operation in Kabardino-Balkaria in 2008. The authors used the operative data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic.

The problems of the mineral raw material base reproduction and the intestment trends in the mining-metallurgical complex are considered in terms of the systemic economic crisis.

 The article presents data of ecological factors influence of Mountain Dagestan on the formation of sugars, acids, pectins, vitamins C and P in fruits of a wild-growing cherry plum and seabuckthorn berries. By the quantitative contents of the biocomponents describing food value, advantage of fruits from foothill and mountainvalley zones over fruits from plain is shown. "Nonconventional" fruit raw material, in particular a cherry plum and sea-buckthorn berries for combined products production intended for a balanced diet of the population is recommended.

The sustainable development of mountain territories principles are considered in the article as a result of the agricultural cultures rational selection, adapted to the local conditions, systems of the ground processing of, efficient use of hayfield and pasture, ground protection from erosion, action of fight with weed, vermin and disease, using the fertilizers systems.

In the article the transition from an industrial civilization to the civilization of knowledge and low-expense technologies is considered. The price rise on the classical energy carriers increases interest to the nonconventional energy sources amplifies. The revision of some approaches to power saving takes place. It is supposed to include the innovative zones creation in the working out and manufacture of means and non-polluting silicon technologies and technologies of new power and also ways of their use in various spheres of human activity.